If you're new to importing or exporting, "customs clearing" might sound intimidating. But at its core, it's a straightforward process: getting your goods legally across the border by submitting the right paperwork and paying the required taxes.
Customs Clearing in Plain English
When goods arrive in South Africa (or any country), they can't just be collected. The government (through SARS — South African Revenue Service) needs to:
- Know what's being imported — product type, quantity, value
- Collect the right taxes — customs duty and VAT
- Check compliance — restricted goods, permits, safety standards
- Release the goods — once everything checks out
Customs clearing is the process of making all this happen. A clearing agent like V & S Freight handles it on your behalf.
The Customs Clearing Process
1. Documentation
You provide (or your supplier provides) key documents:
- Commercial invoice — what you bought and how much you paid
- Packing list — what's in each box/package
- Bill of lading — proof the cargo was loaded on a ship/plane
- Certificate of origin — where the goods were made
2. Classification
Your clearing agent assigns the correct HS code — a number that tells SARS exactly what kind of product is being imported. This code determines the duty rate.
3. EDI Submission
The customs entry (declaration) is sent electronically to SARS via EDI (Electronic Data Interchange). This is much faster than paper submissions.
4. Duty & VAT Payment
SARS calculates (or confirms) the duty and VAT owed. These are paid before goods are released.
5. Release
SARS releases the goods. Unless there's a CBCU (physical inspection), your cargo is available for collection or delivery.
How Long Does Customs Clearing Take?
With correct documentation and an experienced clearing agent:
- Standard clearance: 1-3 business days
- With CBCU stop: Add 2-5 business days
- Express/Priority: Same-day possible for urgent cargo
Read about clearance times at Durban Port →
Do I Need a Clearing Agent?
Technically, you can clear goods yourself through SARS. Practically, it's not recommended because:
- Customs regulations are complex and change frequently
- Incorrect HS codes can result in penalties or seized goods
- EDI connection requires registered software and training
- Mistakes cost money (demurrage, fines, delays)
Working with a professional clearing agent like V & S Freight saves time, reduces risk, and often saves money through accurate tariff classification.